Particularly oriented to collaborative negotiations, but can be used in competitive negotiations. A method centered around four considerations: - People: Separate people from the problem
- Interests: Focus on interests, not positions (interests always underlie positions)
- Criteria: Insist that the result be based on objective standards
- Options: Generate a variety of possibilities before deciding what to do
Advocates "firm flexibility," i.e., remain firm about goals, but flexible regarding how to accomplish them People - Negotiators are people first
- Failure to deal with others as human beings prone to human reactions can be disastrous
- People problems: theirs and yours
- Perceptions (and inferences)
- Emotions
- Communications
- Prevention works better than repair
Interests - Usually are several possible positions that could satisfy any interest
- Behind opposed positions lie shared and compatible interests, as well as conflicting ones
- Usually are multiple interests
- Look forward, rather than back
- Commit to your interests, not your positions
- Stay open to take their interests into account
- Be hard on the problem, soft on the people
Criteria (objective criteria) - Commit to reaching a solution based on principle, not pressure
- Be open to reason, closed to threats
- Discuss objective standards for settling a problem instead of trying to force each other to back down
- Frame issue as joint search for objective criteria
- Reason & be open re which standards are appropriate & how to apply
- Yield only to principle & facts, not pressure
- Note that your position "is a matter of principle"
Options (creative ones) - Library window, Sinai Peninsula & orange examples
- Avoid Premature judgment
- Avoid Searching for the single answer
- Avoid Assuming fixed pie
- Avoid Stance that solving their problem is their problem
- Look for shared interests and mutual gain
- Develop creative new options (brainstorm to expand the pie)
- Make their decision easy
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